Web development is the process of developing websites or webpages hosted on the Internet or intranet. Think about your favorite website; whether it’s an e-commerce store, blog, social network, online video streaming service, or any other type of Internet application, it all had to be built by a web developer.
But what does that look like? The web development process can be divided into three main components: server-side coding, client-side coding and database technology.
When you are viewing or using a website, you are known as a ‘user’ or a ‘client.’ So web applications or computer programs executed by a user’s web browser are referred to as client-side scripts. That means the program requests any files it needs to run from the web server, and then runs within the client’s web browser.
This allows a webpage to have unique and alternating content depending on a user’s input or other variables. Ajax, Flash, JavaScript, jQuery, Microsoft Silverlight, HTML5, and CSS3 are some examples of popular languages, plugins and libraries used in client-side scripting.
In contrast to client-side scripts, server-side scripts are executed on the web server whenever a user requests a document or service. The server then produces the document, usually in the form of HTML, which can be read by the client’s browser.
The document sent to the browser may often contain client-side scripts. ASP.NET, PHP, Java, ColdFusion, Perl, Python, and Ruby are examples of languages used for server-side coding.
For any website to function on the Internet, it must be hosted within a database on a webserver. The database contains all the files required for a website and its applications to function. Websites typically use some form of a relational database management system (RDBMS); the leading RDBMS options are Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, Apache, and IBM. Open-source RDBMS are also very popular, led by MySQL, PostgreSQL, and MariaDB.
